Prostitution And The United States - 1892 Words

Prostitution is illegal in the United States and the laws keeping it illegal are causing more problems than they are solving. Because there are no regulations or laws protecting sex workers in the United States, and everything is run underground, there is nothing stopping the mistreatment and abuse of sex workers in the United States. The only way to protect sex workers is to legalize prostitution. In the following paper, I will attempt to prove that prostitution is a victimless crime and the laws against prostitution are hurting prostitutes more than they are helping them. If we want prostitutes to remain safe while earning a living, the only way to achieve this is to legalize prostitution. A common objection to the view that†¦show more content†¦Their body is owned by them, not the government so it should not be up to anyone else what they do with their body. A quote from Robin Barton, a Brooklyn legal journalist, said this in her article on the website The Crime Report; â€Å"Women are entitled to control over their bodies. Just as they should have the right to decide whether they want to remain pregnant, women should be able to decide for themselves whether they want to engage in sexual acts in exchange for money.† (Barton). Because prostitution is a victimless crime, it should be legalized in order to ensure the welfare and prosperity of sex workers who are trying to make an honest living and protect them while doing so. People in favor of keeping prostitution illegal often mention that during the time the prostitute is working, they are being forced to consent or they are being raped. My response to this objection is this; A consenting man and a consenting woman who agree to fornicate for a price is not rape, especially if there are laws and regulations protecting the prostitute and proper facilities (like a brothel) keeping them safe and secure. An interesting comparison to prostitution industry, is the pornography industry. The only difference between these two is the addition of the camera, along with two consenting adults and an exchange of money. If prostitution was legalized, the regulation of the business would ensure that the women who are taking part in this trade are not

Farmington High School Students Negative Cell Phone Use...

When was the last time you saw a teenager without their cell phone? They may forget their lunch money or their homework, but they dont leave home without their phones. Farmington High School students are no different than teens at other schools. For many Farmington students their cell phone use can have a negative impact on their school work. Studies have shown that students may be paying more attention to their phones than they are to their class work. Often during class, a student will be texting a friend with some unimportant message instead of paying attention to the teacher. They may look like they are quietly listening to the instructor , but under the edge of the desk, the hem of a jacket, or a stack of papers their fingers may†¦show more content†¦Of course this is not allowed, so the student loses even more of their concentration as they worry about how to hide the phone while texting. The inappropriate phone use does not stop in the classroom. Cell phone use can cause accidents and affect students both physically and mentally. Students have tripped on objects, crashed into others, and walked into walls while hurrying to class because they are using their phone. According to PBS program This Emotional Life four out of five teens sleep with their cell phones at night. They seem to feel they must be on call 24 hours a day. Interrupted and lack of sleep can affect both concentration, memory and mood. Even the students homework suffers from constant interruptions. No matter how important the work is, the calls come first. Many people will argue that the cell phone is one of our greatest modern inventions. It can save lives in an emergency. Children are taught at an early age to call 911 if they need help. CNN iReport points out that many kids take medications or have allergies and a phone could be a safety issue. Parents and children are able to contac t each other at any time of the day and it makes both feel safer. It allows people to stay in close touch with their family and friends. Also, some of these devices are like hand held computers. They enable

Personal Troubles Free Essays

When our country goes into a recession and Jobs have to get cut that is out of the individuals control. It isn’t their fault a company has to lay people off due to lack of money. Also you see things like the cost of living and healthcare which are very expensive for people to afford right now. We will write a custom essay sample on Personal Troubles or any similar topic only for you Order Now A lot of people have a Job and work hard and still can’t afford healthcare or a a decent home. That Is my understanding of the public Issues. Things that happen in the country that Is a bad break for people. My understanding of personal Issues is things that happen to certain individuals such as n Injury or Illness, another thing out of their control. People get hurt and can’t work and that results In a lower standard of living for them and their family. Also some personal issues can be controlled such as when someone wants to get another job or quit their job. Some get fired for not performing well, this is something they could have controlled and as a result are now in poverty. It goes both ways there are way people get into poverty that are Just out of their control and some ways some of these people could have prevented. In many ways â€Å"personal troubles† and â€Å"public issues† go hand in hand when it comes to poverty. Often times public issues can cause personal troubles. For example, a factory closing In a small town is a public Issue, affecting the city government and citizens of the town. The closing of a factory will cause personal troubles for the workers who are now unemployed. Personal troubles and public Issues can both lead to poverty. Factors that lead to poverty that can be controlled by an individual could be how they spend/save the money that they earn. A person that makes a argue income, for example, might not be good at investing their money into the needs of their family and waste it instead, bringing them into poverty. On the other hand, a family with a lesser income who save and spend wisely may be considered â€Å"middle-class†. Factors that are beyond an individual’s control might include war, the country’s economy, no available Jobs, and catastrophes (hurricanes, earthquakes, etc. ). Sociological Imagination Is the link between â€Å"personal troubles† and â€Å"public Issues†. To understand this you must understand the connection between the two Issues. Personal troubles describes the character of an Individual and what social Issues are affecting him or her directly. Public issues are matters that can’t be controlled by the contribute to poverty that an individual can control are; controlling spending tendencies, get an education to help get Jobs, and living in an affordable area. Factors that are beyond the individuals control are; prices of necessary life demands such as food, clothing shelter, and taxes. Both of these factors contribute to poverty because the personal troubles of one person will eventually lead to public issues. An example loud be a individual who gets fired for not having the appropriate skills brings up the societies unemployment rate. After thoroughly learning about Sociological Imagination it is clear that you must understand what public issues is and personal troubles is. Public issues are problems that come up that you can’t control. And it does not only affect you as an individual but the society as a whole. Personal troubles are problems that society creates that affect you as an individual. Many times public issues and personal troubles are linked together. In response to Poverty in the US there are many resistances where the public issues create personal troubles on an individual. For example, if a company goes out of business and goes bankrupt then everyone in that company is now unemployed. That is something they had no control over and now it’s a personal trouble for them. I think that a personal problem pertaining to poverty could be someone who doesn’t manage or invest his or her income well. If an injury were to happen and they don’t have enough money to cover it, I think that would be something they could have prevented. You can prevent an injury and you can also learn how to deal with your money better. How to cite Personal Troubles, Papers

Lost Time Is Never Found Again free essay sample

When you are young, eager and full of beans, you rarely cOntemplate how precious time is. You just live and revel in life, devoting almost all your time to the things that you are keen on doing. We show so much impatience looking forward to our birthday and hate those hapless few days that feel like ages. Just imagine what great amount of time we kill in front of our computers or hanging around the streets. As long as we are kids and teens and have enough spare time, we can afford not to pay too much attention to it. However, the older we grow, the less free time we are left and the less freedom we experience. Thats when you begin to learn to appreciate it and realize that lost time is never found again. I am a teenager, but studying in the eleventh grade, I can call myself a busy person, because every day depends on the schedule and daily routine occupies a lot of time. We will write a custom essay sample on Lost time is never found again or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page More often than not, I find myself in a hurry, determined to accomplish this or that thing as soon as possible. I feel lack time, even run out of it. This is particularly perceived in the morning, when even a minute delay can lead to my missing the bus and being late for school. Therefore, I should carefully plan the time to wake up and look at the sequence of my morning actions in order to get out of the house in time. Needless to say, that all classes held at school depend on timetable, so we take no control over this time. Classes are over at two or three, as a rule, and I have to hurry again so as not to miss the bus and not to come home late at night. When I get home, severe struggle for time breaks out inside my head, since some part of my mind begs the rest asking me to lie down and watch TV for a few hours, while my conscience keeps saying ‘no way, you have to do your homework right now’. I admit to say it’s wrong, but mostly I choose the first option, because I experienced that if I just sit down at my homework, Ill have scraped it through by 9 or 10 which means I will have no time to indulge myself. On the other hand, when I set to my homework at seven instead of four, for example, the time when I come home, I’ll complete it at 11 and immediately go to sleep. I’m not sure which of the two choices helps me to save my time, because in both cases I am exhausted and feel worn out. Frankly speaking, Im fed up with this routine so every working day I look forward to the weekend, and every weekend I look forward to holiday as studies take up the whole weekend as well. At the same time, regardless of my constant complaining and whining about excessive amounts of homework, I believe that this time is not spent in vain, because I realize that I work for the future and my school teaches me to cope with these difficulties and plan the day. It will be particularly rewarding at university. Even when I unwind from the process of learning and dedicate myself to seemingly futile activities such as playing computer games, watching movies or listening to music, I do not think this time is lost, because sometimes you just need to get some respite from your work and have fun. Its rest for our mind which amuses and cheers up. And it goes without saying that nobody considers hobbies to be a waste of time. In this case, what do we call lost time? I reckon these are the breaks between our activities, during which we feel bored and do not know what to do, what to make us busy with. I mean, if we lie on the bed and feel too lazy to do something, I think its ok, because laziness, if it is not exceptional laziness, is a protective reaction of the body. But if we lie on the bed, without any idea concerning what to do, its lost time. The modern world offers so many activities providing both education and entertainment that it’s just a shame to be bored. Moreover, most activities do not require any great effort on our part, including financial backing. All they require is desire. I suppose, it’s not a problem not to waste your time nowadays, and the only thing that matters is that you should learn to appreciate it, otherwise you will regret missed opportunities and won’t be satisfied with life. While were young, we’d better spent every moment of our life for the benefit of ourselves, and this is the key to success. I’m absolutely sure that time is the most wonderful and inexplicable thing in the world. Whatever life is, it needs being regulated by time. I don’t want to argue, but in our unexpected century when you don’t know what is going to happen in a moment, it’s not really easy to control your time. But it’s worth doing to be satisfied with yourself and live in more or less peaceful contentment. Nobody likes to be constantly busy. We all eager to have enough spare time to get relaxation, to unwind from work and devote some time to our dearest, and loved ones. But this frantic world leaves us less and less precious time to take up what we are keen on. This is another reason why we need to plan our time. I reckon, the easiest but, on the other hand, the most inconvenient for most people way to save time is not to postpone things. Lets say you are to do a two-hour work until tomorrow. It is likely that you can feel too reluctant to do it and you just want to relax on your sofa in front of the TV. Provided, you spent an hour watching your favorite TV-show, but you still can’t relax, because the thought of undone work just does not get out of your head. You watch TV for another two hours and exhausted by your own thoughts you finally decide to set to work. Time is lost, nothing profitable is done, and you still feel worn out. Needles to say, there are people who are not concerned about the work they haven’t done yet, but as a perfectionist I do not belong to their number. That’s why not putting off things and doing everything on time is a perfect way to save time for me. Another solution to eternally busy people is to plan a day. If you take down the list of things that you intend to do and tick what you’ve already done, it will bring you a double benefit. Firstly, you’ll never forget anything essential. Secondly, youll save time because you will not rush for half an hour, not knowing what to grab and what to do next. A jokey way to manage your time is to write down everything that you have to do in the colored stickers and paste them around the apartment. The most important thing is to stick them in a prominent place, otherwise you’ll only waste your time trying to find the appropriate sticker. It goes without saying, that it’s pretty problematic to undertake any business with a sense of fatIgue. Therefore, to save time it is also substantial to relax, both physically and mentally. As you know, the best rest is a change of physical and mental work. So plan your day so as not to be busy with household chores for half a day and sit at the computer for another half a day. Personally, I try to plan my free time, because there’s no point in planning my school day as it’s too limited. In any case, I try to act according to my father’s advice. He always tells me to spend any minute of my life doing something useful, because only time can’t be replenished. I’m sure that if I use my time reasonably and rationally, I won’t ever feel I’m missing out of anything or regret lost opportunities.

The Black Muslim Movement free essay sample

A brief overview of major events and figures in the Nation of Islam. This paper takes a look at the accomplishments of the Black Muslims offering an alternative to the peaceful, pacifistic teachings of leaders such as Martin Luther King, Jr. The author of this paper shows that the Nation of Islam has played a major role in shaping the ideas and destinies of those of African descent, regardless of their religion. Brooklyn Congressman Major R. Owens, referring mainly to Black Muslims, in 1994, stated, There are a lot of frustrated, angry, bitter people who are looking for a leader. In some cases they are looking for something to hate.[1] This sentiment strongly reflects the origins and ideas of Islamic African-Americans throughout their existence. Members of The Nation of Islam, and its factions, believe strongly in black pride, nationalism, and separation.

The glass Menagerie By T Williams Essays

The glass Menagerie By T Williams Essays The glass Menagerie By T Williams Essay The glass Menagerie By T Williams Essay Essay Topic: Literature The Glass Menagerie The glass menagerie is a play written by Tennessee Williams in the mid 1940s and is what many consider to be his best ever work. Like many of his plays, The Glass Menagerie is set in the south of Northern America and consists of five characters. The play is said to mirror Tennessees life very closely as he was brought up with an overbearing mother, a disabled sister and devoid of a father figure in his life. The play shows the Tom characters struggle for independence and freedom from his current existence. The entire play is centred on two of the five characters, even though one of these characters, the gentleman caller, only arrives in the final scenes, and the father, who is illusive throughout the entire play but is mentioned and referred to throughout. For the performance piece, I played the character of Amanda, Toms imperious mother. The scene that we performed was directly after a scene where Tom and Amanda had had a furious argument with Amanda and Tom both saying how they truly felt about how the other one treats and acts towards them. Our scene starts with lots of stage directions that truly build up the tension between Tom and Amanda that grows and grows with the silence and the physical distance between them, and is only broken by Tom breaking this strain of characters by saying the first sorry. There is very strong sub- text to the scene that is shown more in the stage directions then in the text. The sub- text being that Amanda was truly hurt by the things that Tom had said to her and is genuinely terrified that she will once again be left another loved one, but this does not mean that she is scarred because she will miss her son solely as a mother, but because the more manipulative, self centred side of her will miss him as the provider and the bread-winner. This sub- text is apparent when she turns the conversation from Toms love of the movies to how he should completely forget about his own aspirations and dreams and concentrate more on his job, most young men find adventure in their careers. which is paying for the house which he coincidently he shares with his mother and sister. The main plot in the scene is not set and changes from Tom apologising to his mother, to her trying to talk to him about Laura, to them both ultimately arguing about what they where arguing about in the previous scene. I played the character of Amanda to demonstrate the plot and the sub-text by using the dialogue and the stage directions that are given and exaggerated them slightly as the play is that of memory and is not a realistic play. I used facial expressions to display the way I felt about the way the conversation was going and to show the way that my character was feeling, such as the look of embarrassment when she asks Tom, promise me son that you will never be a drunkard. I think that while asking Tom this Amanda has an uncomfortable look because that is how she feels, she thinks that Tom may dismiss her worries as a load of over the top dramatisation that his is so used to seeing from his mother, or because she is revealing one of her biggest fears to her son, that stems from her husband leaving her, and will also expose an extremely venerable side of her that her son has probably never seen to her before. The start of the scene is one of the most important parts, as it is the part that has the most stage directions in it. The stage directions that were given told me that I should play Amanda as a hard character, I showed this by turning away from Tom as soon as he entered the room, and saying like this throughout, until he apologised. When he did apologise I remained facing away from him because even though Amanda was crying, Tom had given her the higher status by making amends first, and I feel that Amanda is a character that would want to hold on to the higher status for as long as she could, and by turning away from Tom she is keeping him in suspense as to how she is going to react to his request for forgiveness. The staging of the scene is very simple as the entire play is a memory and is therefore very selective. The set for this scene is a small dining table and two chairs. All of the props are mimed as directed at the very beginning of the play. The audience were end on as we felt that they could then see all of the facial expressions and gestures better in this type of staging. The only entrance made is from Tom as we thought that is would be better if Amanda was already in the scene, that way the audience would be able to see the contrast between how she behaves and her body language is before Tom is in the scene, and how she is and how they are towards each other after he has entered. There is a moment at the very beginning of the play where there is no dialogue but lots of stage directions. This creates a very tense atmosphere as neither of our characters was doing a lot of movement, but because they have just had a dispute and you can see that Tom is going to make an attempt to talk or apologise to Amanda it builds and builds the tension so much that with every failed attempt Tom makes, the atmosphere is at breaking point, until Tom actually speaks and it is somewhat of an anti-climax as all of a sudden all of the dramatic tension is lost and Amanda cries. This section as an opening to the scene also shows pace as well, as the pace in the beginning is very slow and almost not moving at all, as where in the middle of the scene where Tom and Amanda have started arguing again the pace is very quick with lines overlapping. This also created a tense atmosphere between our two characters but in a different way to the start of the scene. The moment in the middle of the play where Amanda changes from the nicer Amanda back to the familiar aggressive Amanda, I made a long pause to show that a change had occurred, and also to allow time for the audience to take in what had happened in the scene and what would happen. I tried to make the change in her personality clear also by using lots of facial expressions.

Mastering Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Mastering Management - Essay Example tem to machine design as well as production, managing the shift from functional communication lines and responsibility to a plant-level dimension and handling unsatisfied employees at the plant based on their new task assignments and hence mitigate the chances of worker unionization. The selection of a plant manager can be challenging, especially in a situation facing Heritage Appliance Company’s River Woods plant. Consequently, the selection committee must take into consideration certain desirable aspect in order to find the right person for the crucial management position. As the selection committee, the suitable candidate must have expert, referent and reward power, which will successfully interplay with legitimate power accorded by the virtue of being the plant manager to steer the project to success. The candidate must generally have good interpersonal skills, critical problem-solving skills and be proactive. An internal candidate would be more desirable for the position because he/she is already familiar with the culture of the organization and what it intends to achieve. Besides, He already knows the strengths and weaknesses of the staff and can easily help them upgrade to match the new tasks facing

Dis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Dis - Assignment Example The Act was originally passed in 1933 as a means to allow the federal government to provide much needed assistance to farmers in the form of payments to them in exchange for certain agreements that would have them lint their acreage or production in the areas of wheat, cotton, rice, tobacco, corn, hogs, and numerous dairy products. The payments themselves were to be financed on taxes that would be imposed on processors. It was those taxes that were collected that would then be sent directly to the farmers in exchange for their promise not to grow any more food. One major processor, Butler, refused to pay the tax on the grounds that is was seen as a way of transferring wealth from one person to another. The Supreme Court eventually sided with Butler, making the Act unconstitutional. Congress immediately set to work, however, on drafting a new Agricultural Adjustment Act in 1934. This one taxed processors, but then placed the money into the general fund of the federal government. The f amers were then simply paid out of the general fund, again, not to grow food. The Act was legal and was not challenge, exemplifying Roosevelts perseverance in getting provisions of the New Deal passed and declared

Logistic-food supply chain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Logistic-food supply chain - Essay Example Summary The purpose of the author is to analyze the interaction between consumer social responsibility and corporate social responsibility strategies and contribute to the theory building approach by establishing an interaction model. The author included a detailed literature review in this research. In addition to this, he developed a CSR/CNSR interaction model for logistic-food chain. CSR is specifically an organo-centric response to a specific series of key supply chain drivers. It generally promotes effective use of resources and product or corporate differentiation in a competitive market place. In case of change in consumer engagement or lack of consumer engagement, the corporate social responsibility can be considered as of limited value to the organization. The author have summarized that several recent economic drivers have influenced the consumer social responsibility behaviour with the consumerism constituent rather than caring constituent of consumer social responsibility playing major role. According to the author, the organizations should determine that their CSR activities should remain similar with the CNSR activities as it will help the organization to maintain and improve customer loyalty and market share. ... Review & Evaluate The author expertly portrayed the concept of corporate social responsibility and consumer social responsibility. Corporate social responsibility is the concept that defines how an organization integrate environmental and social concerns in its business operations and how the interact with its stakeholders depending on this integration on a voluntary basis. The author expertly asserted that significance interest in corporate social responsibility benchmarking for environmental and social performance led to the increase in codes and guidelines of practice in food supply chain management. Organizations used to implement CSR activities in order to bring sustainability in business through several sustainable business practices, such as employee engagement in decision making, customer loyalty, green business operation strategy, proper financial disclosure and maintain relation with the stakeholders according to the business or corporate culture. It is important for a food manufacturing and distributing organization to ensure the quality of food products. It will help the organization to maintain good relationship with the external stakeholders as effective interaction of profitability strategy, and sustainable manufacturing and distribution strategy can help an organization to maintain good reputation among the customers and other external stakeholders. He used various CSR models in this article to prove that effective corporate social responsibility activities can help an organization to improve its business performance and mitigate several internal or external challenges. The authors used appropriate methods to gather effective evidenced in order to prove his thesis statement. First of all the use of corporate

Cheating and Taking Steroids in Sports

Cheating and Taking Steroids in Sports INTRODUCTION Sports will either be a school of virtue or a school of vice, and thats why the epidemic of cheating in professional sports is, and ought to be, a huge cultural concern. Sports, at every level, is supposed to be a training ground for virtue, to mould the character of athletes, coaches and supporters so that they may learn lessons that may help them to achieve off-the-field as much as on. In few other venues are people able to learn as effectively the good habits of perseverance through difficulties, teamwork, striving to overcome obstacles, the importance of preparation and practice, and the courtesy and class we call good sportsmanship. But the field, court, track, diamond, rink, pool and roadway can also cultivate vice, when results become more important than virtue, when winning becomes more important than winning fairly. It has been hard to open a sports page recently without reading something to do with cheating and its consequences. Recently encountered readings include Bill Belichick and the clear contravention of the NFLs videotaping policy; Patriots Safety Rodney Harrison and his suspension for taking an illegal substances; NBA referee Tim Donaghy and his expulsion for betting on games he was officiating; Barry Bonds and his tainted home run record, along with former heroes turned synthetic pseudo-supermen Jason Giambi, Mark McGwire, Sammy Sosa, Rafael Palmeiro; Floyd Landis suspect yellow jersey and the expulsion of what seemed to be half this years Tour de France participants for blood doping and other violations; WWE icon Chris Benoit and his steroid-induced murderous-suicidal rage; various college recruiting violations, Olympic scandals and much more. Professional boxing almost looks clean and honest by comparison. WHY DO THEY CHEAT Sports are a microcosm and stylization of life: goal-setting, preparation, effort, character, the integration of mind and body, competition, success and failure. Its all there in sports, distilled and intensified into a few hours experience. The usual answer is that cheaters have so strong a desire to win that they will strive to do so at all costs. Cheaters do have a desire to win, but by the time we are adults we know that a cheated victory is hollow. An adult cheater knows that he has not won through skill and effort, and he knows he will not experience the pride that comes from a genuine win. The only thing the cheater is left with is that he knows that other people will believe that he won and he will reap the value of their enhanced esteem. So heres a hypothesis about the psychology of cheaters: Cheating is not motivated by a desire to win, but by wanting to be thought of by others as having won. Cheating is a kind of social metaphysics-what others believe is true is more important than what is actually true. Another possibility is that the cheater knows the above-that a cheated win is hollow-but in the short run his intense desire to win crowds out his knowledge. So cheating is a failure to hold the context of why one is playing sports: strong desire overwhelms the cheaters knowledge, or through weakness of will the cheater ignores his knowledge to indulge the desire. Cheating in a financial context: You cheat not because you want the win but because you want the money that comes with the winCheating in a social context: You cheat because you dont want your teammates to lose or because you want your teammates to have the win they wantCon-man cheating: You cheat just for the pleasure of pulling off a scamCheating that is malevolent: You want to see your opponent suffer a loss, so you dont care that the win is hollow-you enjoy knowing the other guy is hurting and/or that you deprived him of the experience of winning WHAT ARE STEROIDS Steroids are manufactured testosterone-like drugs that are usually taken to build muscle, enhance performance, and improve appearance. While some steroids are used medically to treat many conditions including asthma, chronic lung disease, skin conditions and allergic reactions such as poison ivy, non medical use of steroids can have serious side effects. Using steroids for cosmetic or athletic purposes is not sanctioned in the United States. Method of Use Swallowed in tablets or liquid or injected. Users take them in patterns called cycling, which means they take them over a specific period of time, stop, and then start taking them again instead of continuously using them. Many users also take different types of steroids in combination with other drugs. This is known as stacking. Signs and Symptoms of Steroid Use Steroid abusers often exhibit the following symptoms: Rapid weight gain Rapid muscle development Acne flare up Fluid retention Yellow tint in the eyes and on skin (jaundice) Mood swings, depression Aggressive behaviour Premature balding Drug Test Detection Oral steroids can be found in your system up to several weeks after use. Injected steroids can be found for several months after use. Short-term Consequences Use of steroids can increase muscle mass, strength, and endurance, but can also cause liver tumors, jaundice, water retention, and high blood pressure. Some users show bad judgment because the drugs make them feel invincible. Other users suffer from uncontrolled aggression and violent behavior called Roid Rage, severe mood swings, manic episodes and depression. They often suffer from paranoid jealousy, extreme irritability and can have delusions. Long-Term Consequences When the body experiences a build up of steroids in its system, conditions such as hypertension, high cholesterol, kidney disease, stunted growth, and heart damage are likely to occur. Women can experience irreversible deepening of the voice, shrinking of the breasts, menstrual irregularities, baldness and hair growth on other parts of the body, and genital swelling. Men can experience baldness, breast enlargement, sterility, shrinking of testicles and impotence. Steroids such as prednisone and other synthetic steroids can cause a rise in blood sugar by blocking the effect of insulin. Over time, users can develop diabetes. WHY TAKING STEROIDS CONSIDERED CHEATING Steroids give some players an unfair competitive advantage over others. But this response stems from the faulty underlying assumption that players have some innate ability or talent which is not dependent upon their environment. In fact, the only way steroids are different from other performance enhancers like protein shakes or nutritional supplements is because their side effects are worse and their performance enhancing effects are large. This efficacy, and the steroid body that goes with it, triggers fans pharmacological Calvinism, the belief that taking a pill for any reason is bad, and leads to the media labelling the steroid culture and users as alien, which are the factors that truly keep steroids on the wrong side of public opinion and MLB policy. The first and most basic reason people view steroids as cheating is because they feel it gives players abilities that they otherwise would not have had. This is the position of every poll or article researched for this essay in the national sports media over the last four years. Again, the signs displayed in Philadelphia are representative. One 60-foot long sign said Babe Ruth did it on Hotdogs and Beer. Aaron did it with class. How did you do it?This question rests on the assumption that Bonds steroid use differentiates him from Aaron and Ruth, who set career home run records without steroids. But to simply say steroids enhancers players performance is easy. The deeper question behind that answer is Why does that matter? That question involves a number of different aspects of what it means to be a baseball fan. First among them, perhaps, is the notion of fairness. The US culture in general holds fairness as one of its central tenets, as part of the Puritan Work ethic and the capitalist ideal: everyone must deal fairly, so everyone has their shot to succeed if they work hard enough. That ideal is held to as strongly in baseball as any other sport. The problem with steroids, then, is not just that users have an unfair advantage over non-users. Widespread steroid use limits the free choice of non-users, because if they want to make a living they are almost forced to start taking injections, and having to deal with the side effects. This is called free choice under pressure by Thomas Murray (as reported by Peter Kramer). Theres no question, then, that the more players use steroids, the harder it is for others to stay clean. What are the implications of that for players, and what are players responses? At the physical level, this spiral of steroids forces players to endure the side effects of steroids when they otherwise might not. At the level of consciousness, players have their free choice limited by steroid-fuelled competition, and free choice is also something this country values. Players respond to these concerns by claiming that steroid use supports American values. For example, a value much appreciated in sports is the desire to win above all else. Players that have that desire, like Michael Jordan in basketball, are often revered. So a baseball player might argue that he simply wants to win at all cost, even sacrificing his body to steroids to win. Just because another, non-user does not want to win enough to take steroids, that doesnt mean the user should be punished for it. There are other problems with the argument that using steroids is cheating because they give a competitive advantage. The biggest fault with it is that steroids are not the only thing in baseball that gives a competitive advantage when there was none before. Revenue and payroll differences and environmental factors like the skill of the training staff and the quality of the facilities can cause unfair competitive advantages between teams and players as well, but those discrepancies are considered part of the game. The responses to this argument are that taking a substance is fundamentally different from working out more or on better facilities because you do not have to work as hard to get the same results as someone not on steroids. But some players use a good diet to get into better shape, or take legal supplements to make their workouts more effective. This is exactly the way steroids work they help to build muscle faster in conjunction with exercise and weightlifting, so those t hat work out the most are going to get the most out of steroids. Should the MLB disallow all possible supplements and mandate player diet and workout regimens to eliminate the possible advantage? Ultimately, you cannot justify getting rid of steroids because they give a competitive advantage, because baseball operates by identifying and using competitive advantages. Despite the arguments above, most people would remain convinced that taking steroids was cheating. There are three primary reasons: One is the notion of pharmacological Calvinism, two is the influence of the press on public perception of steroids, and three is the labelling of drugs in general and those who take them as alien. These are the real reasons that taking steroids in baseball is considered cheating today. Pharmacological Calvinism is the belief that taking a pill or drug is morally wrong, because hard work, suffering and pain are essential parts of human existence. The concept figures prominently in Kramers discussion of Prozac as a way of explaining the publics response to the drug, and the same can be said of fans and baseball players. This phenomenon can be seen in baseball lingo: someone who is clean is someone who is off steroids. This terminology might come from the MLB policies, but it probably comes from larger drug culture, and reflects the idea that even though it is tough to argue against steroids ideologically, there is still a taint to taking steroids, the sense that a player who takes them has lost some purity they might have off steroids. This also might be why players like Jose Canseco are ridiculed and reviled when they talk about steroids being the standard throughout the league: they are deliberately taking a stance against pharmacological Calvinism, and so automati cally people hearing them want to reject the idea without listening to their analysis, which often is more logical than people care to admit. Another effect of pharmacological Calvinism is that news reporters looking to cover steroids automatically assume a negative stance towards them, although that is also influenced by the dangerous side effects. Sports journalism is very pervasive. Every fan has to get their scores and results from somewhere, often on a daily basis. Sports fans also tend to spend a lot of time discussing sports, so ideas and opinions they read get discussed and argued about in their social circle. The final reason steroids are considered cheating is because they work so well. And because they work so well, and so many ballplayers used them, the build of a user, his problems and habits, became commonly known and looked for. What is more, because of the negative press steroids got, fans were able to label them an other to dismiss steroids users as people holding alien values without really looking or considering how they might be motivated by the same things as regular fans. This can be shown by the massive amount of jokes about big heads, small balls, a common side effect of steroid use, and the vehemence of the national polls quoted earlier. For fans to say that anyone testing positive should be thrown out of the sport is quite harsh, considering that there are arrests of ballplayers all the time for a variety of other drug use charges and crime, and none of them are thrown out on the first offense. Something that might help explain this position is the legitimate use of stero ids. Steroids are not like nutritional supplements of protein shakes that people might regularly take to get in shape, and they are not petty crimes or drug charges that baseball fans are familiar with or have committed themselves. They are treatments for sick people to help survive treatment, including treatment of diseases like AIDS, which already is somewhat marginalized in mainstream culture. And even in those diseases, steroids are something to avoid if you can. So that makes purposeful steroid users in sports all the more alien. Ultimately, the reason why taking steroids is considered cheating goes back to the chemical properties of steroids themselves: they work too well at helping athletes build muscle, and combined with the countrys pharmacological Calvinism, make for bad press and public perception. This leads fans to consider steroids cheating and justify it by saying steroids give an unfair competitive advantage, when the entire sport of baseball is built on just such advantages. If steroids were less useful, like nutritional supplements today, they would probably be legal, widely used, and just another part of the game, like spitting sunflower seeds. Unfortunately, because of the pressure on athletes who will do anything to succeed, steroids are only going to get more powerful and hard to detect, rather than more benign and legal. But that doesnt mean the steroid scandal wont go away. Already, journalists are trumpeting this baseball season as the post-steroid era. If history is any indication, people will think steroids solved, stop caring, only to be shocked again when the next great and popular surge of offense turns out to be the result of their beloved players using the next generation of performance enhancers. CONCLUSION The recent epidemic of cheating in sports reveals ethical and anthropological dimensions that must be considered if we wish as a culture to eliminate it. The ethical dimensions go far beyond the violation of a particular rule governing a sports league. It goes to one of the bedrock principles of ethics, whether in sports players, coaches and fans believe that a good end never justifies immoral means. In the cases of cheating above, we see that the cheaters think that the end of winning or doing better in competition validates the dishonest means one takes to get there. There are now such enormous financial rewards or losses hinging on sports outcomes that those of lesser character find far greater incentive. The anthropological dimension refers mainly to the means one takes in violation of the ethical principle. Sports cheating today very often involve technological manipulation not just of the rules of the game like with the Patriots spy gate but also of oneself through performance-enhancing drugs. In former days the path to improvement came through practice, coaching, exercise and experience. Now for many it comes through injections, pills and creams. Rather than improving ones skills, one seeks to make himself better, stronger and faster through technology like a modern six million dollar man, or, if you consider the financial incentives for many pro-athletes, a hundred million dollar man. This comes at a huge cost. The death of pro-football player Lyle Alzado and 11 recent professional wrestlers through steroid use is enough of a warning. But we also have to be conscious of the huge temptation it places on all those who, at whatever age, wish to be successful college or profession al athletes who cannot compete on their own with artificially-enhanced peers. References: Sports and Cheating by Fr. Roger J. Landry Why in Baseball using steroids considered cheating? Brian Chase American council for drug education www.acde.org

Futile Search for Answers in Slaughterhouse Five :: Slaughterhouse-Five Essays

Futile Search for Answers in Slaughterhouse Five The book, Slaughter House-Five, written by Kurt Vonnegut, is based on the main character named Billy Pilgrim who is a little "lost" in the head. Billy is always traveling to different parts of his life and rarely in the present state. Throughout the book Billy mainly travels back and forth to three big times in his life. In each different time period of Billy's life he is in a different place; his present state is in a town called Illium and his "travels" are to Dresden and Tralfamadore. When Billy is in Illium he is suppose to have a "normal" life; he is married, has two children, and works as an optometrist. Then Billy travels back to Dresden where he was stationed in the last years of WWII and witnessed the horrible bombing. When Billy travels to Tralfamadore he is in an "imaginary" state, everything that happens to him is more like a dream. Through Billy's travels in time he shows that he is striving to find meaning in the events that happened in his life that he is a fraid to acknowledge. As Billy says himself, "All moments, past, present and future, always have existed, always will exist," (1) this just proves even further that fact that Billy cannot ever forget any event in his life. The main event that leads Billy to all his confusion is the time he spent in Dresden and witnessed the fire-bombings that constantly pop in his head along with pictures of all the innocent people Billy saw that fled to Dresden the "safe spot" from the war before the bombing. When Billy sees the faces of the innocent children it represents his fear of the situation. Billy can't acknowledge the fact that they were innocent and they were killed by Americans, Americans soldiers just like himself. The biggest issue Billy cannot come to grasp with is why the bombings took place. That question has no answer; it's just something that happened that Billy couldn't get over. During all Billy's travels back to Dresden he couldn't change what had really happened there although that was the closure he was looking for. Dresden purely represents Bill's past and fears of the truth about what happened.

Quiz and Final Exam Study Guide Essay

The quizzes and final exam are â€Å"open book, open notes. † The maximum time you can spend on a quiz is 45 minutes. On the final you will have 3 hours and 30 minutes. If you have not clicked the â€Å"Submit For Grade† button by the end of the allotted time, you will be automatically exited from the exam. In the final exam environment, the Windows clipboard is disabled, so you will not be able to copy exam questions or answers to or from other applications. 2. You should click the â€Å"Save Answers† button in the exam frequently. This helps prevent connection timeouts that might occur with certain Internet Service Providers, and also minimizes lost answers in the event of connection problems. If your Internet connection does break, when you reconnect, you will normally be able to get back into your final exam without any trouble. Remember, though, that the exam timer continues to run while students are disconnected, so students should try to re-login as quickly as possible. If you lose your Internet connection during a quiz or the final exam, logon again and try to access it. If you are unable to enter it again, first contact the Help Desk and then your instructor. * You will always be able to see the time remaining in the quiz or final exam at the top right of the page. 5. There are multiple pages on the final exam. * Make sure you click the â€Å"Save Answers† button before advancing to the next page (we also suggest clicking on â€Å"Save Answers† while you are working). Complete all of the pages before submitting your Final Exam for instructor review. * Do NOT use your browser’s ‘Back’ and ‘Forward’ buttons during the final exam. * Please use the provided links for navigation. Submitting your quiz or final exam * When you are finished with a quiz or the final exam, click on the â€Å"Submit for Grade† button. * Please note: Once you click the â€Å"Submit for Grade† button, you will NOT be able to edit or change any of your answers. 7. Quiz and Exam Questions * On each quiz, there are 10 multiple-choice questions each worth 5 points and one essay question worth 10 points for a total of 30 points. On the final exam, there are 30 randomly selected multiple-choice questions each worth 5 points and 5 essay questions worth 30 points for a total of 300 points (150 multiple choice points, 150 essay points). * The final exam covers all course TCOs and Weeks 1-7. * The quizzes only cover the TCO’s for that week. * The final exam contains 3 pages, which can be completed in any order. You may go back and forth between the pages. * The quiz and final exam questions are pooled. This means that not everyone will have the same questions. Even if you do have some of the same questions, they may not be in the same order. These questions are distributed amongst the TCOs. * On the essay questions, your answers should be succinct, fully address each part of the question, and demonstrate your knowledge and understanding in a concise but complete answer. Most essay questions require answers that are a couple of paragraphs (not a couple of sentences) that directly speak to each part of the question. Some students opt to work on the essay questions first, due to their higher point value and length of time needed to adequately address each question, but this is entirely your choice. * Remember to always use proper citation when quoting other sources. This means that ANY borrowed material (even a short phrase) should be placed in quotation marks with the source (URL, author/date/page #) immediately following the end of the passage (the end quote). Changing a few words in a passage does NOT constitute putting it in your own words and proper citation is still required. Borrowed material should NOT dominate a student’s work, but should only be used sparingly to support your own thoughts, ideas, and examples. Heavy usage of borrowed material (even if properly cited) can jeopardize the points for that question. Uncited material can jeopardize a passing grade on the exam. As a part of our commitment to academic integrity, your work may be submitted to turnitin. com, an online plagiarism checking service. So please be VERY mindful of proper citation. 8. Some of the key study areas are below. While these are key areas, remember that the exam is comprehensive for all of the assigned course content and this study guide may not be all inclusive. The same goes for the quizzes: there may be material on the quiz that was part of the material for that week, but is not specifically listed here in the study guide.

Theme of Status in Daisy Miller

In the short story, â€Å"Daisy Miller†, by Edith Wharton, a common obsession is found with the status and respectability of the characters presented in the story. Edith develops this obsession as a theme that is supported by European and American ideals, character’s viewpoints, and character’s actions in the story â€Å"Daisy Miller†. The theme of status and respectability is largely developed by the ideals of the society found within Daisy Miller. The story originates in Switzerland and then later goes on to take place in Rome. In each of these cities, the story implies that status is highly regarded and that the society looks down upon certain unrespectable behaviors. The European societies of Daisy Miller watch and titter over the apparent reckless behavior of this young girl, as this behavior is not acceptable to the upper class. Daisy Miller, as viewed by the European society, a reckless, flirtatious, and imprudent girl, who does not heed societal standards. Her most dishonorable actions are that she tends to spend time with various men in the community. The upper classes find that Daisy’s promenading with various men in public is of upmost disgrace. Throughout the story their views on this sort of behavior are often voiced. In a conversation between Winterbourne, a man who becomes slightly involved with Daisy, and Mrs. Walker, an overseer of Daisy, the criticism of Daisy Miller’s actions is voiced. â€Å" That girl must not do this sort of thing. She must not walk here with you two men. Fifty people have noticed her. † Winterbourne raised his eyebrows. I think it’s a pity to make too much fuss about it. † â€Å"I think it’s a pity to let the girl ruin herself! † The story Daisy Miller tends to revolve around this idea that Daisy is â€Å"ruining herself† due to her irresponsible actions. The society of Europe is very absorbed with Daisy’s respectability; an example of how to the respectability of an individual greatly affects their status in society. Because Daisy and her family are of low class, Daisy’s irresponsible actions easily bring them to an even lower status. The main character Mr. Winterbourne supports the theme of respect and status by acting as a narrator for the follies of Daisy Miller as well as a connection between her and the upper-class ideals of status and respectability. When he is not with Daisy, Mr. Winterbourne is often listening to what is being said about her. â€Å"They ceased to invite her, they intimated that they desired to express to observant Europeans the great truth that, though Miss Daisy Miller was a young American lady, her behavior was not representative. Mr. Winterbourne is highly aware of Daisy’s dishonorable reputation that she gains in the European, especially Roman society, and continuously notes how she falls on the societal scale. Mr. Winterbourne’s obsession with how Daisy Miller is perceived in their society is an important part of what carries the theme of respect and status throughout the short story. Mr. Winterbourne not only perceives Daisy Miller’s affect on society but also d ebates with himself the reasons behind her dishonorable actions. He asked himself whether Daisy’s defiance came from the consciousness of innocence, or from her being, essentially, a young person of reckless class. † In instances such as this, Mr. Winterbourne continuously seeks to rationalize why Daisy dishonors herself through such reckless actions. The theme of status and respectability is also supported by the actions of Daisy Miller herself. Daisy Miller begins by chasing after status in the European society. She often talks of the â€Å"society† in her European community as a class which she strives to be apart. Daisy Miller realizes that she is found to be disrespectable however, tries to believe that this is not the truth. When Winterbourne implies how Daisy Miller perceived in Rome, she acts as though she does not believe him. â€Å" â€Å"Of course I care to know! † Daisy exclaimed seriously. â€Å"But I don’t believe it. They are only pretending to be shocked. † She illustrates the importance of respect and status in both European and American societies. She is very concerned with the respect and status that she has in her society, however is naive of how she fails to gain either of those things. Daisy’s innocence is what saves her from the realization that she is in fact, bringing herself down to a lower space in the social ladder. â€Å"Miss Daisy Miller looked extremely innocent. Some people had told him that, after all, the American girls were exceedingly innocent.. † Daisy Miller is also important to the theme of respect and status in that she provides an outlet for the societal views of what is respectful and what is not. Obviously, â€Å"going around† with men is not a respectable course of action for Daisy Miller, and for this she is ostracized from her society. In the short story, â€Å"Daisy Miller† a societal criticism of respect and status is provided as a major theme. Daisy Miller’s actions are the central to the stories plot, and the criticism that she receives by the â€Å"society† is a constant aspect of the stories plot. Various characters express this criticism, however, the most important of these characters are Mr. Winterbourne, and Daisy herself. Mr. Winterbourne and Daisy each express opposite views towards the societies criticism; however, their separate views, as well as those demonstrated by the society of Europe dramatically support the theme of respect and status in the short story.

Dalai Lama essays

Dalai Lama essays The Dalai Lama has always been the central leader to the Vajrayana sect of Buddhism and the current Lamas smiling face is one of the most recognizable in the world. He has become the poster boy of Buddhism and his charisma has created a market in western countries for not only Buddhist practices but also political activism. The Dalai Lamas roll as a top religious leader now also encompasses the roll of political icon and diplomat. From Free Tibet bumper stickers to massive rock concerts, the Tibetan cause has been adopted by millions of concerned citizens across the globe. The position of the Dalai Lama has changed over time. However, can the Dalai Lama continue to wear all of these hats at the same time effectively and how has the Bodhisattva of Compassion adapted to global political maneuvering? It was with the fifth incarnation of the Dalai Lama in 1642 that he was given the responsibilities of primary spiritual and political leader of the Tibetan people. The present Dalai Lama is the fourteenth incarnation of the Tibetan Bodhisattva. He was born in Amdo, Tibet on July 6, 1935 to a farming family. (106) As a two year-old he was asked to choose from objects that were personal effects of the former Dalai Lama mixed with other similar objects. After the young boy chose all of the correct items he was identified as the Dalai Lama. From that point on he underwent a rigorous training in ways of the Tibetan Buddhist. With a strict and disciplined approach to the education both spiritually and intellectually, the Dalai Lama has maintained a high standard of excellence as ruler. It is interesting that in the Dalai Lama system all but one of the incarnations has come from modest means and have ascended to greatness. (106) The history of Tibet has been intertwined with China since the seventh century through a series of marriages, treaties, and wars. (1) It was not until the thirteenth Dalai Lama decl...

Asian Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Asian Business - Essay Example According to the Brewers' Association of Japan (2004), Syozaburo Shibutani started beer brewing and marketing in Osaka during 1872. Beer importation dates back to as early as the Meiji period through the foreigners who came for the development of the Hokkaido (Japanese Sake 2006) though it was only during 1886 when the quantity of domestically produced beer exceeded the level of imports. Nowadays, global brands of beer continue to target the Japanese market while local production is concentrated on breweries who are capable of manufacturing 60K1 of beer (Brewers' Association of Japan 2004). The Japanese beer industry is estimated to be 3.2 trillion yen in value (approximately US$27.3 billion, based on 2001 amounts) indicating the wide popularity of beer in the country. The large market for beer is also evidenced by the fact that beer consumption accounts for 50% of the total alcoholic beverages consumption in volume and 70% in value (The Japanese Beer Industry 2003). There is a huge market for beer in Japan as the country belongs to the biggest beer consumers in the world. During 2003, the country's annual per capita consumption reached 13.4 gallon, making Japan the fourth largest beer consumer worldwide (Impact Databank 2004). The Japanese beer industry is currently comprised of two subsectors namely, regular beer and low malt beer. The regular beer subsector constitutes beer products with 67% or more barley malt content. The low malt beer category is unique to the Japanese beer industry. The creation of this subsector is attributed to the lower tax levied on beer with lower malt content. Typically, products on the low malt subsector has a 25% or less barley malt content having a liquor tax rate which is lower by 40% and has a retail price which is cheaper by 35% relative to regular beer. The low malt subsector has captured a large market in Japan and has experienced double-digit growth since its establishment in 1994. It currently holds 44% of the total beer shipments while approximately 60% of it is consumed locally. Just recently (2003), the low malt subsector was faced with a 28% rise in taxes while regular beer's taxes remained unchanged. This together with product maturity is expected to pull demand for low malt beer (The Japanese Beer Industry 2003). The structure of the Japanese beer industry is oligopolistic in nature with the four major national brewers in Japan accounting for 97% share of the total market. There are still however, foreign brands and local microbrewers who battle for the remaining market share. The major producers of beer in the country are Asahi Breweries (38%), Kirin Brewery (36%), Sapporo Breweries (14%) and Suntory (11%). Asahi Breweries recently dislodged Kirin as market leader due to the wide popularity f its Asahi Super Dry beer. On the other hand, the second largest player Kirin is moving into the production and marketing of non-beer products and becoming an "all-round beverage player." Sapporo lacks competitive advantage while Suntory's beer business profitability is in question (The Japanese Beer Industry 2003). Problems Encountered Victoria Bitter's move of market diversification targeting Japan will surely be met by certain problems and difficulties. Some of the probable problems are cultural, while others are more business in nature. Japanese are known to be very loyal to their culture which keeps them from adopting Western ways. Instead, they maintain their own way of doing business

Sources of Finance Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Sources of Finance - Assignment Example The author of the paper states that ordinary shares are issued to the owners of a company. They have a nominal or 'face' value, typically of $1 or 50 cents. The market value of a quoted company's shares bears no relationship to their nominal value, except that when ordinary shares are issued for cash, the issue price must be equal to or be more than the nominal value of the shares.  "Deferred ordinary shares are a form of ordinary shares, which are entitled to a dividend only after a certain date or if profits rise above a certain amount. Voting rights might also differ from those attached to other ordinary shares.  "Preference shares have a fixed percentage dividend before any dividend is paid to the ordinary shareholders. As with ordinary shares, a preference dividend can only be paid if sufficient distributable profits are available, although with 'cumulative' preference shares the right to an unpaid dividend is carried forward to later years. The arrears of dividend on cumula tive preference shares must be paid before any dividend is paid to the ordinary shareholders.  "Loan stock has a nominal value, which is the debt owed by the company, and interest is paid at a stated "coupon yield" on this amount. For example, if a company issues 10% loan stocky the coupon yield will be 10% of the nominal value of the stock, so that $100 of stock will receive $10 interest each year. The rate quoted is the gross rate, before tax.  "Debentures are a form of loan stock, legally defined as the written acknowledgment of a debt incurred by a company, normally containing provisions about the payment of interest and the eventual repayment of capital. "Loan stock and debentures will often be secured. Security may take the form of either a fixed charge or a floating charge. "For any company, the amount of earnings retained within the business has a direct impact on the number of dividends. Profit re-invested as retained earnings are profit that could have been paid as a d ividend.  

Facility location strategies Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Facility location strategies - Case Study Example Facility location in a central place does not mean it should be located centrally literally. It means locating it in a place, which gives access to all the customers with minimum costs. Sometimes located a facility in a single area with many customers may lock out other customers due to resulting distance that will arise. However, remember the objective of locating a facility is to serve all the customers. The process of finding the ideal place to locate a facility can be tricky. However, a number of methods have been used and they have proved successful. These methods include weighted load-distance method, centre of gravity, linear programming, weighted scores and break-even analysis (Suresh, 2009). This report will focus on using the weighted average method to locate the best place to put up a European facility for a US automobile company. The report took a number of location factors, which include location, geography, transportation, proximity to customers and the relative costs of supplying the goods to these destinations. In addition, these locations were ranked on a scale of 0 – 1 based on the said factors, depending on relative importance. After ranking, each location was then scored on a scale of 0 – 100 and this also depended on how important the location was depending on the factors listed.

Analyzation of the Kings Speech Essay Example for Free

Analyzation of the Kings Speech Essay Anatole Francis wrote, â€Å" To accomplish great things, one must not only act but also dream, not only plan, but also believe.† In the film The King’s Speech, King George VI did not believe that speech therapy could help him. He was so traumatized after trying to articulate clearly in front thousands of people. The audience frowned with disdain and sympathy for him. The minute one experiences embarrassment, he or she will never want to experience it again. The King tried many techniques one can think of, But because of his short fuse and temper, he was not too successful. His supportive wife Elizabeth, seeks a speech therapist named Lionel Logue, who was the key to his success and accomplishments with overcoming his speech impediment. Even though the speech therapist didn’t have a degree, his intense therapeutic lessons did the King well, which proves that no one has to have a degree in order to help someone overcome a challenging obstacle. Overcoming a challenge doesn’t happen instantly or automatically. It is the outcome of an intention and conscious efforts to doing things that scare a person. Pageantry involves frequent public speaking and impromptu questions. On one eventful night of the Miss Sophomore Sweetheart 2009-2010 pageant, there was a contestant who was truly awesome the whole night until the question and answer segment. She stepped out in a gorgeous turquoise cocktail dress and cinderella glass heels. She stood in front of the mic awaiting her question. The contestant was so nervous that her knees began to tremble. The only thing she could do was smile and listen. The master of ceremonies finally began asking the question. As the contestant began to answer the question, she stared right into the audience as they were whispering and giggling. She then stopped in her tracks and started to stumble. Her heart felt a deep pounding because of the embarrassing moment. She then got lost in her answer and terribly confused. To end that embarrassing moment, she just said â€Å"Thank you!† She quickly walked off the stage in disappointment knowing that her chance of the crown was gone. After that, she never wanted to do another show again. Later in the year 2010, she decided that she would like to vie for the prestigious title of Virgin Islands Carnival Queen. But she had one problem and that was the impromptu segment of question and answer. In the film The King’s Speech, there were many techniques used to improve his stuttering. This includes diaphragmatic breathing, shadowing, masking and pacing techniques. Also, when they would have little conversations, when he stuttered, Mr. Logue would tell him to sing it in a song. He also used tongue twisters to exercise his tongue. These techniques were also applied in the lessons for the contestant who stumbled on her words. Her chaperone, Mrs. Kenya Frett Rowe, like Mr. Logue, also doesnt have a degree, but, also like him, she did a great job. Taking smaller breaths with the diaphragm, helped the contestant to relax and to speak more fluently. When relaxing the breathing, the entire body will be relaxed, and this would make the body more comfortable than tense and nervous. This was exactly what the contestant needed. She was also taught to pace herself while answering the question. Slowing down and pacing helps tremendously in preventing stuttering and stumbling. Every other day, Mrs. Rowe and the contestant would work on her issue of answering impromptu questions and giving speeches for the show. The day of any interview or introductory performance, they would go to the place where the event was being held and practice. This was a big help for the contestant because it allowed her to feel comfortable on the day of the event. The night of the Virgin Islands Carnival Queen show was one of the biggest moments of her life. It was time to answer the impromptu question. She stepped out onto the stage with confidence, but deep inside, she was very nervous. As she stood in front of the mic, she thought of all the techniques she was taught. After they asked the question she took a deep breathe and began to answer. After she said â€Å"thank you†, she couldn’t believe that she done it. She was in shock and full of excitement at the same time. She was so relieved that it was over. Her chaperone was very proud. As a result of overcoming challenging obstacles, one grows as a person and expands the possibilities that surrounds their life. Stuttering is due to a combination of factors, including genetic and environmental. In order to overcome challenging obstacles, one must have support and someone who believes in them. Mrs. Rowe believed in her contestant just like Mr. Logue believed in the King. He believed that he was a strong and powerful individual whom with time can overcome any obstacle with good help and support. Even though Mr. Logue did not have a degree, he was still a great therapist. This shows that one does not have to be taught in an academic environment to help someone overcome challenging obstacles. Being experienced is just as good as having a degree.

The Invention Of The Revolver History Essay

The Invention Of The Revolver History Essay Revolvers are repeating firearms that consist of a cylinder containing multiple chambers, with at least one barrel for firing. The name revolver comes from the short-form of its original name, revolving gun. As its name suggests, the revolver is uniquely designed such that the chambers of a revolver revolve around an axis. 2. The Invention of the Revolver The first inventor of the revolver was Elisha Haydon Collier. Collier invented the flintlock revolver, which was a single-action, self-priming weapon with automatic release of gunpowder into the pan when the gun hammer was cocked. Patented in 1818, the flintlock revolvers single barrel allowed greater accuracy and faster reloading time (Shaver, 2004 ). Today, the revolvers that we are familiar with are an adaptation of Colliers revolver. One of the most significant pioneers in revolver technology was Samuel Colt. There are many variations as to how Colt first came up with the idea for his revolver, ranging from an eureka moment while shooting whales, to stealing Colliers idea in India (Hosley, 1996 ). Colt patented the percussion cap revolver in December 1835, which enabled muzzle-loading firearms to fire reliably regardless of weather. This was an improvement from Colliers flintlock revolver, which was prone to misfire in wet weather. The shooter would load the chambers of the cylinder with gunpowder and a projectile, and put in place several percussion caps. While this loading procedure might be tedious, it allowed the shooter to have rounds fully prepared ahead of time (Harris, 2011 ). Bullet cartridges were soon introduced in revolvers in the 1870s, replacing gunpowder and caps. The cartridges are a combination of a projectile (the bullet), a propellant (gunpowder) and a primer (the explosive cap), all contained within a metal casing. 3. Evolution of Revolvers 3.1 Type of innovation 3.1.1 Product Innovation The first revolvers invented by Collier were a product innovation. The patent was bought by John Evans and Son of London. It manufactured about 10,000 revolvers to sell mainly to the British forces in India and they are embodied as its outputs (Flemming, 2012). 3.1.2 Incremental Innovation Before the revolvers were invented, other types of handguns such as the single shot and multi barreled pistols existed. Revolvers improved on these handguns and hence were an incremental innovation. Firstly in the past, guns were mostly limited to a single shot except the pepper box however it was heavy and difficult to load since it had multiple barrels for each bullet. The revolver has the capability to deliver multiple loads to a single handgun barrel in quick succession (Delman ,2010). Revolvers are also different in terms of having lower chances of malfunction and thus provide greater reliability. Rounds which fail to fire can usually be cleared by merely pulling the trigger which will cycle the cylinder and place the next available round in a firing position (Riverwalker, 2009). Several malfunctions are however common in pistols that require more complex methods to clear them. Revolvers also have a sturdier design due partly to their heavier construction which allows them to shoot more powerful rounds (Riverwalker, 2009). 3.1.3 Component Innovation The revolver is a component innovation since its major change in handgun design is in creating a rotating cylinder which would come into alignment with a single barrel to fire successive bullets (Harris,2010). Collier combined this with a flintlock mechanism to create the first revolver. 3.1.3 Competence Enhancing vs Competence Destroying Originally, Colliers flintlock revolver was competence enhancing for John Evans and Son of London. However the revolver had several problems and by the 1840s, Colts Patent Fire Arms Manufacturing Company had adapted the revolvers based on the percussion cap system and mass produced them. This was competence destroying for Colliers company while competence enhancing for Colts (Delman, 2010). 3.2 Mechanics of the Revolver Over the years, the revolver has been constantly evolving and many different variations of the revolver have been invented. Despite this, the fundamental design of the revolver still remains the same, with several firing chambers arranged in a circle in a cylindrical block. This differs from other repeating firearms that use a single firing chamber with a different mechanism to load and extract cartridges. In modern revolvers, there is a spring-loaded hammer located at one end of the cylinder, in line with the barrel (Fig. 1). By cocking the hammer back, a new cartridge is lined up between the hammer and the barrel. To release the bullet, a pull of the trigger would result in the spring throwing the hammer forward so it hits the primer at the back of the bullet. The primer explodes, igniting the propellant and driving the bullet down the barrel. Macintosh HD:Users:helpdesk:Desktop:Screen Shot 2013-03-02 at 1.21.04 AM.png Figure 1 The inside of the barrel is lined with spiralling grooves, which increases the stability of the bullet by spinning it. A longer barrel not only improves stability, but also increases the speed of the bullet. 3.2.1 Actions (Mechanism) Single-Action Mechanism Single-action revolvers are revolvers that require the user to cock the weapon manually. The act of pulling back the cock rotates the cylinder and the user can then pull the trigger to fire it. Colts original revolver design involved a ratchet and pawl mechanism to hold the cylinders in place. Double-Action Mechanism Most revolvers today are double-action revolvers that perform two functions: cocking, and then firing the gun. Robert Adams, a British gunsmith, invented double-action revolvers in 1851. In this mechanism, pulling the trigger halfway automatically rotates the cylinder and releases the cocked hammer. Pulling back the trigger even more releases the cocked hammer. This would allow the user to fire the double-action revolver in one trigger pull. 3.3 How it has evolved 4. Uses Applications 4.1 Self Defence In the US where private gun ownership is legalized, a third of all gun sales can be attributed to handguns, including revolvers (Harris, 2013). Many Americans choose the revolver as a self-defense weapon due to its ease of use, maintenance and general reliability. To fire a revolver, a novice gun owner merely needs to aim and pull the trigger for double action revolvers or cock the hammer and then pull the trigger for single action revolvers. Their simplicity in design allows an average person to shoot safely and competently without much training. They are also relatively more affordable and sustainable due to the ability to withstand neglect (Riverwalker, 2009). 4.2 Combat Military The revolver was first adopted in combat by the Texas Rangers against the hostile native Indians who outnumbered them in Texas (Brown, 2013). Later on it was introduced into the U.S army in 1846 when the Mexican War began as Capt. Samuel H. Walker collaborated with Colt to design a novel and more powerful revolver (Colt Defense LLC, 2013). Throughout US military history up till 1985, revolvers had been the standard firearm, to arm the soldiers on battlefields such as during the Civil War, World War I and II. Although later on they were replaced by higher ammunition and faster reloading semi-automatic pistols, today they continued to be employed largely by guards, Navy Shore Patrol, and intelligence and counterintelligence operatives (Olive-Drab, 2013). 4.3 Sporting Hunting Handgun hunting has become a popular sport and most hunters use revolvers since they provide the reliability needed to hunt all types of big game (Hampton, 2013). Hunting with revolvers is more challenging and hones a hunters skills since the guns have comparatively shorter sight radius and less powerful ammunition. Hunters must also stalk closer to the prey to kill it humanely and this gives it greater chance of escaping from the hunters. A significant amount of practice is required to develop accuracy and marksmanship in revolver hunting (Wilson, 2010). 4.4 Law Enforcement Since the 1870s American police forces have relied on revolvers to arrest criminals and protect civilians. The most popular revolver used in law enforcement history was the Colt Official Police invented in 1927 which sold up to 400,000 units by 1970 (Scarlata, 2011). It was the top choice across numerous American police departments for one third of a century. Although production of this model has ceased today, other types of revolvers still play a significant role as back up and off duty firearms among American police officers. 5. Impacts of the Revolver 5.1 Military As an important tool for the military, the revolver has transformed major warfare in history and especially assisted in westward expansion. In the American Civil War in 1860, revolvers were one of the new and powerful weapons that forced armies to change their battle techniques. The Lemat and Colt revolvers were the most common firearms used. For example, Samuel Colt alone produced 200,000 of his guns for the Union and Confederate troops (Elbehri, 2010). These guns were more accurate and required less time to reload since they could fire multiple shots at one time. Combat at the time occurred at short distances and cavalrymen had to charge into formations of the enemy and use firearms and sabers to disrupt them and spread panic. At close ranges, revolvers were very powerful and handy especially while the cavalrymen were in saddles. This allowed armies to attack enemies more easily and aggressively. After the war, the US military adopted the Single Action Army revolver as the standard firearm and they aided the front troops to fight in the Indian war, Spanish-American War and Philippine-American War (military factory, 2011). In World War I, although the Americans had started switching to semi-automatic pistols, the M1917 revolvers continued to play a key role in filling the urgent need for guns. The British-made Webley revolvers also served as the standard sidearm for British soldiers in the war (Lewis, 2012). This sudden popularity in the armies was due to the revolvers small size which allowed airmen and tank operators to be armed under their space constrained environments (Duffey, 2009). Additionally, given its sturdy design and dependability, it was ideally suited to muddy and adverse conditions of trench warfare (Lewis, 2012). In World War II, the British and American troops continued using .38 calibre revolvers until finally afterwards, semi-automatic pistols replaced the revolvers in most militaries worldwide. 5.2 Societal Impacts Due to the strong gun culture that exists in U.S., this report will only be studying the societal impacts that revolvers have caused in U.S. Among the developed countries in the world today, U.S. has the highest number of gun owners. About 9 in 10 Americans own more than 270 million guns (Alpers, Philip and Wilson, 2013). That is 5% of the worlds population owning 35-50% of the worlds civilian-owned firearms, of which around 30% are revolvers (Stray, 2013). Sadly, the U.S. is also well known for clinching the highest number of gun homicides. The points below illustrated how the gun industry has severely impacted the society. Homicides Gun-rights advocates might be right when they argue that there might not be a connection between level gun ownership and homicide. However, numerous surveys and studies have concluded that there is an association between the number of homicides and gun ownership in developed countries. A study by Hemenway found that U.S. firearm homicide rates were 19.5 times higher than other developed countries (Kenny, 2013). Accidental Deaths In addition, unintentional firearm deaths in the U.S. were more than five times higher than in the other countries. Among these 23 countries, the U.S. accounted for 80 percent of all firearm deaths; 87 percent of all children under 15 killed by firearms were American children. Homes with guns are 12 times more likely to have household members or guests killed or injured by the weapon than by an intruder (Kenny, 2013). Self Defense and Reassurance of Safety However, the revolver  Data from the National Crime Victimization Survey suggest that a gun is used in self-defense  about 60,000 to 120,000 times each year. Several other surveys confirm this estimate. Facilitating Crimes each year about a million violent crimes involve guns This means guns are used to commit a crime about 10 times as often as they are used for self-defense. 5.3 Government 5.3.1 Laws Policy Making The Federal legislation enacted the Gun Control Act in 1968 that defines who was not allowed to possess a gun and barred anyone under 21 years old from buying handgun. However, they guarantee the right to gun ownership by law. There are restrictions though. The   National Firearms Act of 1934  restricts civilians from owning automatic weapons, short-barrelled shotguns, hand grenades, and other powerful arms without appropriate registration. People are free to carry guns both openly or hidden, outside, with the exception of federal facilities where guns are prohibited. The buyer of firearm is not obliged to allow official background checks before taking possession of guns. However, the  Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act  of 1993 requires licensed gun dealers to perform background checks. Each state may have different jurisdiction, but overall, in the United States, if you do not have a criminal record and have not been adjudicated as mentally incompetent, you can buy guns. 5.4 Economic Impacts Over the years, the U.S. gun industry has been profiting by illegally trafficking firearms into Mexico. However, these firearms were used to arm drug cartels and thus, caused the deaths of thousands of civilians. Nearly 90 percent of weapons seized in Mexico are trafficked from the U.S. The market is extremely strong, especially because of the high demand and lack of strict control in the sale of weapons in U.S. Furthermore, in 2005, the Congress granted gun dealers blanket immunity from civil damages resulting from the misuse. Thus, the tyranny of the drug cartels and mafia reigns on (Kenny, 2013). The gun industry has faced its own share of ups and downs throughout the history but to date, it is still going strong. In 2012, the industry is expected to earn $11.7 billion in sale and $993 million in profit, according to analysts at IBIS World.(Brad, 2012) In 2011, about half of the six million guns manufactured in the United States were pistols and revolvers. Thats up from just one-third in 2001,  according to a report  from First Research.  Rifles now account for 35 percent of the market, with shotguns and other guns making up the rest. U.S. firearms manufacturers will export some $4.4 billion worth of guns and ammunition to other countries this year. The biggest customers are Canada, the United Kingdom, and Australia, who accounted for nearly 40 percent of exports in 2012 (its mainly law enforcement and military agencies doing the buying, as private gun ownership is heavily regulated in those nations). IBIS World expects exports to keep surging in the coming years, with ammunition and ordnance being an especially popular item overseas. The economic impact of the firearms industry is up 66 percent since the beginning of the Great Recession, providing an unexpected shot in the arm for the economy, according to a new study. The  National Shooting Sports Foundation  says the economic impact of firearm sales a figure that includes jobs. taxes and sales hit $31 billion in 2011, up from $19 billion in 2008. Jobs in the firearms business jumped 30 percent from 2008 to 2011, when the industry employed 98,750. The industry paid $2.5 billion in federal taxes in 2011, up 66 percent in three years. Ours is an industry with a rich history and heritage that remains vital and important to the American economy today,  NSSF  Senior Vice President  Lawrence G. Keane  said in a statement. To millions of Americans our industrys products represent liberty, security and recreation. Some in the industry attribute the jump in sales to fears the  Obama administration  will tighten gun control laws in a possible second term. Theres a concern that in the second term the  Obama administration  would lead an attempt to restrict gun ownership,  Mr. Keane  said. That concern, known in the industry as the Obama factor, has led many gun owners to purchase now in hopes of avoiding more restrictions and regulations later. (Devaney 2012)

Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen Essay -- creativity, liveliness of m

Grappling with "Creative Block" My mind is at times a broken record devoid of nuance. But when I walk outside into the morning sunlight today, the air tastes like smoke. That minute difference jostles my mind. In that moment, I, no longer preoccupied with internal tensions, savor the spirited atmosphere of people hurrying about, the underlying brick road and overlying partly cloudy sky. I hurry to preserve these thoughts, as I feel the inspiration already evaporating from my grasp. Dong! Dong! Dong! The gong reverberates to rhythmic drum beats. The majestic lions' eyes slowly open, and their ears and feet twitch languidly. Da-da dum. Da-da dum. Da-da dum... Da, Da da, Da dum, Da Dum, DA DUM! Inside each lion, two dancers spring to life and explode with power and energy. In the background, instrumentalists conduct drums, cymbals, and a gong into an unstoppable, steady rhythm that elicit the lions' liveliness. Da, Da, Dum. Da, Da da, Dum. The lion heads sweep down toward the floor in a circular motion and punctuate the air with its presence, warding away evil spirits. Acrobatic martial arts moves, such as "towers" that involve one dancer lifted on top of another, elicit excited gasps from the audience. Lions then prowl among audience members in "low walk," their noses muzzling surprised faces and eyes blinking ferociously. To summon good luck and fortune, lion dancers shower the audience with lettuce at the end of the performance. Even as the lions run across the stage in "high walk" and crumble into sleepiness once more, the energy of the performance still lingers in the air—as lion dance has done since its inception approximately 1,500 years ago (Hulsbosch 112). April 5, 2014. 10:00 AM. I and two fellow Columbia Lion Dance ... ... Kaufman, Scott Barry. "The Real Neuroscience of Creativity." Scientific American. Scientific American, 19 Aug 2013. Web. 7 Apr. 2014. . Khatchadourian, Raffi. "Onward and Upward with the Arts in the Picture: An Artist's Global Experiment to Help People be Seen." New Yorker. 28 Nov 2011: 58-63. Web. 29 Mar. 2014. Montaigne, Michel De. Translated by J. M. Cohen. Essays. London, England. Penguin Books. 1958. Print. Taylor, Diana. "'You Are Here': H.I.J.O.S. and the DNA of Performance." The Archive and the Repertoire: Performing Cultural Memory in the Americas. Durham: Duke University Press, 2003. 161-189. Print.

Case Application Fast-Forwarding Blockbuster Answers Essay

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to determine the consumer preferences of international brands over local items. This research is design to find out the buying behavior of young consumers. This paper examines consumer preferences and attributes of decision making in segment of respondent in Vehari, Pakistan. A number of factors affect the consumer purchase decisions. The results suggests, that group of consumer prefer the attributes like, Quality, Price, Social Status, Design of products. It also suggests the preferences for foreign products over local products. The research was conducted in Vehari and the sample selected 65. The data collected for research was through a questionnaire and was conducted in CIIT Vehari Campus since the target audience was largely the youth. Key Words: Preferences of international brands, Quality of products, Price of products, Social status, Design of the products. INTRODUCTION: This research is proposed to the consumer preference of international brands over local production. The biggest factor that changes the consumer purchasing decision is quality when they prefer international brands over local brands. Consumers are more information about other culture, lifestyle and brand. On the other hand electronic sources are available to access international brand information in seconds. In last few years increasing of globalization had made intensely impact on market and also on consumer choice. Through globalization companies have advantage to participate in international market and approach to new consumer markets. The main purpose of this study is to find the factors that are influencing consumer’s living in Vehari and their choices of purchasing international brands over local brands. The main objective of this study is to learn about how country of origin effect and change the choices and willingness of the consumer. This research will investigate the purchasing behavior of Vehari consumers towards international brands over local products. Country of origin of any product tells the reputation of the specific country. It also shows the national characteristics, economics, political background, social system, tradition and history of any particular region. In short country of origin is overall perception of the consumer about particular country. It is necessary to establish parameters to measure the consumer attitude toward consumer preference on international brands rather local brands. However, for some products and services â€Å"the tastes and preferences of consumers in different nations are beginning to converge on some global norms† (Holt, 2002). Consumers seem to value and admire global brands and regard such brands as a status symbol, from a consumer perspective brands may vary (Ismail, Masood, & Tawab, 2012). The preference of brand depends on best alternatives among availability (Tversky & Shafir, 1992). One goal of consumer is accurate selection results in value satisfaction (Bettman, Luce, & Payne, 1998) it is not just depends on judgment of any single attribute of a product (Elliot & Cameron, 1994). In other context, scholars argue that local cultures are yet very powerful force shaping consumers preferences and but some identify a tendency in consumers â€Å"hybridize† (Holton, 2000), â€Å"glocalize† (Ritzer, 2003) or â€Å"creolized† as a way to combine global and local cultural forces have impact. International and global brands can be defined as the multi market approach in consumer markets (Johansson & Ronkainen, 2005) while local brands defined as the local manufacturing’s approach to consumer markets. Today is ages of globalization so business are become international and cross national that why customers mostly recommended and preferred the international brands due to their top quality, user friendly and customer oriented products (Netemeyer, 1991). Purpose of the Study The main purpose of our study is to find the factors that are influencing consumer’s choices of youth of purchasing international brands over local brands in Vehari, Pakistan. There are many factors which influence consumer decision. Such as quality of products, price of products, social status, design of products. The study is also designed to find out the buying behavior of young consumers, attitudes towards international brands and local items and preference for international brands. LITERATURE REVIEW: Hornsby (2010) was saying that the purchasing process of consumer mostly depends on the attributes and features of the product. In many situations consumers search alternatives of the products and these alternatives and substitutes are foreign made so consumer decide that he or she use foreign products and these products can fulfill their needs and wants. In foods items there are few attributes which affecting the purchasing decision of the consumer, like appearance and price of the food. If foods items are fresh and their appearance is nice so consumer easily influence and want to purchase these food items. On the other hand price is another factor which influences the perception of the consumers. Price of the product made either good or bad impact on consumer. If product is expensive but its attributes and features is quite different rather than other product and also fulfill the demand of the consumer than consumer will be satisfy by that product and purchase it again and again. He also described that some consumers are very conscious about the manufacturing of the product. Made in image deep and strong impact on consumer purchase decision. If any product which is foreign made that easily influence the consumer rather the domestic product, that’s why now a day’s labeling or made in Japan, made in U.S.A and made in U.K is liked by consumer and prefer over the local manufacturing because foreign products have high quality, new technology and very durable and reliable. Past studies and survey are mostly based on above three attributes (price, appearance and county of origin). These are key features of the any product which affect the consumer choice and willingness. In different survey participants highly ranked these three attributes about their purchasing decision and shopping habits. Al-Mamun & Mahmud (2011) were saying that consumer behavior can be easily influenced by the factor of country of origin because in domestic and international markets foreign products are dominated by their high quality and new technology. This is true facts that every consumer evaluates domestic and foreign products through quality and features of the product. Previous research shows that such characteristics as quality, durability, appearance, prestige, safety, price, availability and risk affect consumer evaluation of product quality and has a significant impact on consumer’s purchase preferences. Shah and Khattak (2011) said that consumer preference is directly relate to the economic growth of the country of origin. The concept of good quality is the sign of economic development that is the reason consumers of developing country prefer more foreign products rather the local brands because good quality is the sign of developed countries. Because consumer not compromise on quality the consumer may pay for local product which are of high quality rather foreign products ignoring prices. It is an empirically improved that if a foreign brand with its original producer become weaker with the passage of time as the brand started to be produced locally. In developing countries like Pakistan, India and Saudi Arabia foreign brands are not prefer only because of quality but are preferred for status quo, ego. It is also proved that education, life style also in favor of imported products. Merino & Gonzales (2008) said that many organizations have changed their strategy by knowing trends of globalization which focus on global brands rather multi marketing approach. Global brands have not one line definition, but previous studies define as multi market reach of products that are perceived as a same brand worldwide by customer. However brand is a communication of information, a consumer perceived to identify it. Communication stimulates active knowledge of the brand presence, relevance, performance, advantages and bonding (Consumer feel the brand is only one that offer key advantages). Previous research proved that understanding the differential advantage, which global brands may have on loyalty drivers in context of Latin American markets. The consumer recognizes advantage of global brand by differentiation and enhanced quality, in other hand local brands are perceived by customer in term of fair price and popularity. That is why Brazilian seem to be more open to global brands rather than Mexican and Argentinean customers prefer local brands. Ismail, Masood & Tawab (2012) said that the most important factors that influence a consumer’s final decision are the price and quality of the product. Because the consumers usually relate the price of the product with its quality, a brand priced too costly is generally perceived as a high quality product. Similarly, a product priced too low affordable by many but perceived quality is low. Globalization also contributes to enable worldwide organization in one single market. Other factors which influence on the consumer preference include; consumer ethnocentrism, country of origin, social status, price relativity with the competing brands and family and friends. Study exposed that the quality of the product has more impact on purchase decision of the customer to buy global brands. In practice, our people, especially the females were found to be extremely prone to the global brands to meet current fashion and trends. Status symbol is also a factor influencing on customers to buy imported products. Ho, Teik, Ing, Phing & Peng said that customers influence to buy global brands in search of status and perceived quality. While globalization is the success factor of many large organizations, local companies can also obtain competitive advantage through profound understanding globalization. Global brands are more likely to be preferred by consumers as they have the ability to associate status, wealth and prestige with the self-identity of a consumer and further enhance social standings in a social class. Perceived quality is the subjective judgment of consumers towards a product or brand superiority and distinction. The most influential factor among social motives for consumer shopping and purchasing decision is the enveloping desire for social status. Malaysian customers overall perceived quality of Toyota automobiles were found to have significantly higher perceived quality and status than Perodua automobiles. Theoretical Framework: The dependent variable â€Å"preferences of international brands† can be explained by four independent variables; (1) quality of the products (2) price of the products (3) social status (4) design of the products. Consumers of developing countries wants to purchase the products of developed countries because they thing the products of developed countries has high quality. Consumes relate the price of product with its quality, they thing that the product of low price has the low quality and a product which has a high price has a high quality. Products of developed countries are measured as indication of high social status. Consumers are also prefers the design of the products if the design of the product is good than consumer purchases it regularly. Schematic Diagram for the Theoretical Framework Variables Independent variables: âž ¢ Quality of the products âž ¢ Price of the products âž ¢ Social status âž ¢ Design of the products Dependent variable: âž ¢ Preference of international brands Hypotheses H1: There is a positive relationship between consumer purchasing attitude and quality of the products. If the quality of a product is high than the attitude of consumer toward a product is positive and if the quality of a product is low than the consumer response is negative to purchase the product. H2: There is a negative relationship between price of the product and consumer purchasing attitude. If the price of product is high than the consumer attitude towards a product is negative and if the price of the product is low than the consumer attitude towards a product is positive. H3: Consumers prefer the international brands because it adds to the social status of consumers. Consumers will prefer the products manufactured by a foreign owned company because it adds to the social status of consumers. H4: Design of products has also positive relationship with consumer behavior. The design of a product made impact on consumer purchasing design. If the design of a product is good then customer purchases it frequently. Research Methodology: Data Collection This research is conducted through regression analysis. In this research it is needed to understand the consumer perception of international brands over local items. The tool of our research is questionnaires; this is primary research because this is firsthand knowledge or information. The research is conducting on why consumers prefer the international brands over local items of Vehari, Pakistan. The data has been collected through questionnaires and each questionnaire contains nineteen (19) statements and the questionnaire have distributed in CIIT Vehari Campus. The sample for this research included 65 consumers. Simple random sampling is used for this research for data collection. Results and Analysis: Table # 01: |Model Summary | |Model |R |R Square |Adjusted R Square |Std. Error of the | | | | | |Estimate | |1 |.527a |.278 |.230 |.90372 | |a. Predictors: (Constant), design, social status, quality, price | From model summary of regression analysis it is evaluated that all independent variables (quality, price, social status & design) affect dependent variable (preferences of international brands) 52.7% as mentioned in table 1. Table # 02: |ANOVAs | |Model |Sum of Squares|Df | |b. Dependent Variable: preferences of international brands | | | The results of this research are more significant. Data used in this research providing accurate results as shown as .001 in ANOVA (table 2). Table # 03: | | |Coefficients | |Model |Unstandardized Coefficients |Standardized |t |Sig. | | | |Coefficients | | | | |B |Std. Error | Finally regression analyses describe the relationship between dependent variables and independent variables. It also describes their relation structure, whether they have positive relation or negative. Regression analyses show that quality, social status and design have positive relation with preferences of international brand, with the increase in one unit of all there become positive change of .662, .120 and .100 occur respectively in dependent variable. The quality have positive relation with consumer preferences because the consumer perceived that the international brand have more quality rather than local items. The social status has positive relation with consumer’s preferences of international brands because consumers perceived that they increase their social status in society through the use of international brands. The price of products has also positive relation with consumer’s preferences because consumers perceived that the design of international brands is better than local items. On the other hand price has negative relationship with dependent variable, with the increase in one unit of price there become -.275 changes occur in preferences of international brand. The price of products has negative relation with consumer’s preferences because consumers are not preferred the international brand if it has same price as local item. Recommendations and Suggestions Our local brands have not so good quality, their design is not well and there is no much variety in our domestic products that’s why our customer goes to purchase the international brand so frequently. Local companies charge more price because government of Pakistan charge value added tax and other type of taxes from domestic companies so companies increase their prices that’s why customer mostly purchase international brands due to their good quality, designs and lot of variety. Conclusion: This research is an important contribution consumer’s preferences literature. This research concluded that consumers of Vehari, Pakistan have a stronger and positive image about the international products. The feel a personal pride when have the international products. 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